All programmes

Puerto Rico's Act 60 offers a 4% corporate/business rate. Following 2026 legislation, new individual-investor (Chapter 2) applicants pay 4% on capital gains and dividends, while decree holders who qualified earlier are grandfathered at 0%. The programme runs to 2055. Open to US citizens who become bona fide PR residents; IRS scrutiny is intense.

Albania grants citizenship to children of Albanian citizens regardless of birthplace. Albania also has a Law on Diaspora provision allowing ethnic Albanians abroad to apply for Albanian citizenship, including those from Kosovo and North Macedonia.

Andorra's residency programme for passive income holders offers one of Europe's lowest income tax rates (10% flat). Situated between France and Spain with Schengen access. Requires a minimum stay of 183 days per year.

0% income tax, 0% CGT For regular expats. Renew annually. No path to citizenship normally.

Argentina offers citizenship by investment, granting full citizenship and passport in 0 years. Requires a qualifying investment or donation. Due diligence is conducted on all applicants.

Armenia allows most nationalities to stay visa-free for 180 days, with easy conversion to residence permit for longer stays. Very low cost of living in Yerevan. Growing tech and startup scene. 0% tax on foreign income. Path to permanent residency. Cheap, friendly, safe, with stunning mountain scenery.

Armenia grants citizenship to persons of Armenian descent — one of the most accessible descent citizenship programmes. Armenian ancestry (even distant) can qualify. Armenia also allows dual citizenship.

Standard Australian rates — transitional resident 4yr foreign income exemption Replaced Global Talent Independent program 2024. For founders, researchers, artists.

Australia grants citizenship by descent to children born outside Australia to an Australian citizen parent. The parent must have been an Australian citizen at the time of the birth. Registration must be done before the child turns 25.

Austria offers citizenship by investment, granting full citizenship and passport in 0 years. Requires a qualifying investment or donation. Investment from $1M. Due diligence is conducted on all applicants.

Standard Israeli rates (10–50%). Strong tech sector. Startup Nation Complex system. Primarily for those with Jewish heritage (aliyah) or specific investor/innovation routes.

Bahamas Extended Access Travel Stay (BEATS) allows remote workers and students to live in the Bahamas for 1 year, renewable twice (3 years total). No minimum income specified — proof of employment/remote work required. No Bahamian income tax. Beautiful islands, English-speaking, proximity to US.

Bahrain launched one of the first dedicated Digital Nomad Visas in the Gulf region in 2021. Remote workers can live in Bahrain for up to 1 year renewable while working for employers based outside Bahrain.

Bahrain's special tax regime offers reduced or flat-rate taxation for qualifying new residents on foreign-source income. Designed to attract high-net-worth individuals and international professionals.

Belgium grants citizenship to children born to a Belgian parent. Second-generation Belgians born abroad automatically acquire Belgian citizenship at birth. Belgian citizenship gives full EU rights.

Belize's special tax regime offers reduced or flat-rate taxation for qualifying new residents on foreign-source income. Designed to attract high-net-worth individuals and international professionals.

Anguilla's Beyond Extraordinary Programme allows remote workers and entrepreneurs to live on the island for up to 12 months. Targets high-income professionals seeking an exclusive Caribbean base.

Brazil has one of the largest Italian diasporas globally, and many Brazilian descendants of Italians qualify for Italian jure sanguinis citizenship. Similarly, descendants of Japanese emigrants (Nikkei, est. 1.5M in Brazil) have unique Japan-Brazil relations and some access to Japanese long-stay status. Brazil also hosts large German and Polish communities whose descendants may claim EU citizenship via German/Polish descent laws. Brazilian-Italians: largest Italian diaspora → Italian jure sanguinis EU passport | Brazilian-Nikkei: Japan long-stay options | Brazilian-Germans: German citizenship restoration possible | Historical immigration 1880s–1960s Eligible nationalities: Descendants of the large Italian, Japanese, German, Polish, and other immigrant communities who came to Brazil (late 19th–mid 20th century)

Under the 1971 Treaty of Friendship, Brazilians residing in Portugal and Portuguese residing in Brazil enjoy full civil and political equality, including voting rights in all elections. This goes beyond what any other bilateral arrangement offers. Brazilians in Portugal can naturalise after just 2 years (vs 5 years standard). This is the most privileged bilateral citizenship arrangement in the world. Voting rights in all elections | Naturalization: 2 years (vs 5 standard) | Most privileged bilateral arrangement globally | 1971 Treaty of Friendship | Fully reciprocal Eligible nationalities: Brazilian nationals in Portugal (and Portuguese nationals in Brazil)

British citizenship passes to children born outside the UK to a British parent who was themselves born in the UK. This is a one-generation rule — grandchildren of British citizens do not automatically qualify, though some may apply through registration.

Bulgaria grants citizenship to children born to Bulgarian parents. Ethnic Bulgarians living abroad can also apply for Bulgarian citizenship — Bulgaria is an EU member state, making this an attractive route to an EU passport for the Bulgarian diaspora.

10% flat income tax — one of EU's lowest. 5% dividend tax EU member. Low cost of living. Path to EU passport at 5 years.

Standard Samoan rates. Low cost. Pacific lifestyle Separate from Samoa CBI. Standard business residency. Very quiet Pacific lifestyle.

Standard Beninese rates. Low cost jurisdiction Stable Francophone W. African state. Cotonou port city. Low cost.