Second passport
A second passport unlocks visa-free travel, tax planning, and a genuine Plan B. Whether through investment, ancestry, or naturalisation — there are faster and cheaper routes than most people realise.
How do you get a second passport?
There are three main routes to a second passport: citizenship by investment (CBI), where you make a qualifying financial contribution; citizenship by descent, where you claim nationality through ancestry; and naturalisation, where you reside in a country long enough to qualify. CBI is fastest but most expensive, descent is free but limited by bloodline, and naturalisation takes years but is open to almost anyone.
All 78 second passport programmes
Albanian Citizenship by Descent
Albania
Citizenship by Descent (Jure Sanguinis)
Argentina
Armenian Citizenship by Descent
Armenia
Australian Citizenship by Descent
Australia
Citizenship by Descent (Nazi-Era Persecution)
Austria
Belgian Citizenship by Descent
Belgium
Brazilian Citizenship for Descendants of Italian/Japanese/German/Polish Emigrants
Brazil
Citizenship by Descent
Brazil
Bulgarian Citizenship by Descent
Bulgaria
Croatian Citizenship by Descent
Croatia
Citizenship by Descent
Czechia
Danish Citizenship by Descent
Denmark
Citizenship by Descent
Estonia
CBI Programme
Dominica
CBI Programme
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina CBI Framework Proposed 2025 2026
Argentina
Austria CBI (Exceptional Services)
Austria
Austria CBI Exceptional Services
Austria
Egypt CBI Updated
Egypt
Egypt CBI (updated)
Egypt
Finnish Citizenship by Descent
Finland
Citizenship by Descent (Jure Sanguinis)
France
Greek Citizenship by Descent
Greece
Citizenship by Descent
Hungary
Citizenship by Descent
Ireland
Law of Return (Aliyah)
Israel
Citizenship by Descent (Jure Sanguinis)
Italy
Citizenship by Descent
Latvia
Citizenship by Descent (§ 4 StAG)
Germany
Citizenship — Nazi-Era Persecution (§ 15)
Germany
CBI Programme
Grenada
Jordan CBI (updated)
Jordan
Jordan CBI Updated
Jordan
Citizenship by Descent
Lithuania
Citizenship by Descent (3rd Generation)
Luxembourg
Fast-Track Naturalization via Ibero-American Treaty
Mexico
Citizenship by Descent / Romanian Ancestry Route
Moldova
Montenegrin Citizenship by Descent
Montenegro
Dutch Citizenship by Descent
Netherlands
New Zealand Citizenship by Descent
New Zealand
Norwegian Citizenship by Descent
Norway
Sephardic Jewish Citizenship
Portugal
Citizenship by Descent
Romania
Mauritius Citizenship by Investment
Mauritius
Mauritius Citizenship by Investment
Mauritius
Moldova Citizenship by Investment Programme
Moldova
Montenegro Citizenship by Investment Programme
Montenegro
Nauru CBI
Nauru
Nauru CBI
Nauru
New Zealand Citizenship by Descent
New Zealand
North Macedonia CBI
North Macedonia
Dual Citizenship (RA 9225)
Philippines
Polish Citizenship by Descent
Poland
Brazil–Portugal Special Reciprocal Status (Estatuto de Igualdade)
Portugal
Citizenship by Descent
Portugal
CBI Programme (emerging)
São Tomé & Príncipe
Samoa CBI
Samoa
North Macedonia CBI
North Macedonia
Samoa CBI
Unknown
Sao Tome and Principe Sao Tome and Principe Citizenship by Investment
Unknown
Serbian Citizenship by Descent
Serbia
Slovak Citizenship by Descent
Slovakia
Slovenian Citizenship by Descent
Slovenia
South African Citizenship by Descent
South Africa
Democratic Memory Law (Grandchildren of Exiles)
Spain
Spanish Citizenship by Descent (Democratic Memory Law)
Spain
Swedish Citizenship by Descent
Sweden
CBI Programme
Saint Lucia
CBI Programme
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Turkish Citizenship by Descent
Turkey
British Citizenship by Descent
United Kingdom
Ukrainian Citizenship by Descent
Ukraine
CBI Programme
Vanuatu
Turkey CBI (updated)
Turkey
Tom PR Ncipe CBI Programme Emerging
Unknown
Turkey CBI Updated
Turkey
Turkey Citizenship by Investment
Turkey
Argentina CBI Framework (proposed 2025/2026)
Argentina