Head to head
D7 Passive Income Visa vs CBI Programme
🇵🇹 D7 Passive Income Visa (Portugal) compared with 🇻🇺 CBI Programme (Vanuatu) — across cost, timeline, residency, tax and the path to citizenship.
The verdict
- →D7 Passive Income Visa has the lower financial bar to entry.
- →CBI Programme is usually faster to process.
- →CBI Programme offers a quicker route to citizenship.
- →CBI Programme requires less time in the country each year.
There's no single winner — the right choice depends on your budget, how much time you can spend on the ground, and whether a passport is the goal. Use the table below to weigh what matters to you.
| Feature | 🇵🇹D7 Passive Income Visa | 🇻🇺CBI Programme |
|---|---|---|
| Country | Portugal | Vanuatu |
| Type | Retirement Visa | Citizenship by Investment |
| Headline cost | €920/mo passive income | $130k+ donation (DSP) |
| Minimum investment | $920 | $130,000 |
| Minimum income | $12,000/mo | — |
| Processing time | 3 months | 2 months |
| Min stay per year | 183 days | 0 days |
| Tax rate | NHR 2.0 (IFICI): 20% flat tax on qualifying foreign income for 10 years% | 0% income tax, 0% CGT, 0% inheritance — permanent% |
| Leads to PR | Yes | Yes |
| PR after | 5.0 years | — |
| Citizenship after | 5 years | — |
| Dual citizenship | Yes | Yes |
| Visa-free countries | — | 130 |
| Remote work | Yes | — |
| Healthcare | Yes | No |
| Data confidence | high | high |
Frequently asked
Which is cheaper, D7 Passive Income Visa or CBI Programme?
D7 Passive Income Visa has the lower financial requirement (D7 Passive Income Visa: $920, CBI Programme: $130,000).
Which is faster to get, D7 Passive Income Visa or CBI Programme?
CBI Programme is faster (D7 Passive Income Visa: 3 months, CBI Programme: 2 months).
Do D7 Passive Income Visa or CBI Programme lead to citizenship?
D7 Passive Income Visa: citizenship possible after about 5 years. CBI Programme: leads to permanent residency.
Can I hold dual citizenship with D7 Passive Income Visa or CBI Programme?
D7 Passive Income Visa: Yes. CBI Programme: Yes.