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🇵🇹 D7 Passive Income Visa (Portugal) compared with 🇻🇺 CBI Programme (Vanuatu) — across cost, timeline, residency, tax and the path to citizenship.
There's no single winner — the right choice depends on your budget, how much time you can spend on the ground, and whether a passport is the goal. Use the table below to weigh what matters to you.
| Feature | 🇵🇹Portugal D7 Passive Income Visa | 🇻🇺Vanuatu CBI Programme |
|---|---|---|
| Country | Portugal | Vanuatu |
| Type | Retirement Visa | Citizenship by Investment |
| Headline cost | €920/mo passive income | $130k+ donation (DSP) |
| Minimum investment | $920 | $130,000 |
| Minimum income | $1,000/mo | — |
| Processing time | 3 months | 2 months |
| Min stay per year | 183 days | 0 days |
| Tax rate | NHR 2.0 (IFICI): 20% flat tax on qualifying foreign income for 10 years% | 0% income tax, 0% CGT, 0% inheritance — permanent% |
| Leads to PR | Yes | Yes |
| PR after | 5.0 years | — |
| Citizenship after | 10 years | — |
| Dual citizenship | Yes | Yes |
| Visa-free countries | — | 130 |
| Remote work | Yes | — |
| Healthcare | Yes | No |
| Data confidence | official | official |
Portugal D7 Passive Income Visa has the lower financial requirement (Portugal D7 Passive Income Visa: $920, Vanuatu CBI Programme: $130,000).
Vanuatu CBI Programme is faster (Portugal D7 Passive Income Visa: 3 months, Vanuatu CBI Programme: 2 months).
Portugal D7 Passive Income Visa: citizenship possible after about 10 years. Vanuatu CBI Programme: leads to permanent residency.
Portugal D7 Passive Income Visa: Yes. Vanuatu CBI Programme: Yes.